The Absolute And Constitutional Governments During The...

During the seventeenth century Europe witnessed two prominent forms of government, an absolutist and a limited/constitutional. Both governments were constructed through several key figures that were in control of the countries, some more stable than others. Although these key figures tried to dominate the government under absolute authority their control was still limited. Absolutists monarchies were trying to be established all over the country, unfortunately many of them failed due to various factors. Throughout the seventeenth century Europe rulers have tried to maintain an absolutist monarchy however society still found some holes in their power, which limited the ruler’s control. The absolute and constitutional governments were two very different governments in practice, but also maintained similar characteristics in both systems of government. The differences between both governments emerged during the sixteenth and seventeenth century when Europeans began to exper iment with absolutism and constitution monarchies. An absolute monarchy can be defined as the monarch, king or queen, holds the supreme or absolute powers and rule is based on divine right. In other words, the king received their power from God, so he only had to answer to God not parliament. The king is entitled to make all economic and other state related decisions for the country, while the prime minister exercises effective political power. Absolutism began with the decline of the church andShow MoreRelatedEssay about Absolutism vs. Constitutional Monarchy1360 Words   |  6 PagesStates and also for most of the world. Throughout the world different types of governments have survived, faulted, or have been altered. Many of these governments came from early European countries. Two of the most popular types of governments to come from Europe are Constitutional Monarchy and Absolutism. Traces of Constitutional Monarchy and Absolutism are still seen today in different parts of the world. Constitutional Monarchy and Absolutism have its roots set in England and France respectivelyRead MoreAbsolutism vs Constitutional Monarchy709 Words   |  3 Pagestheories and practice of absolutism and constitutional monarchy during the 17th century. The seventeenth century saw the evolution of two new types of government mainly because of the instability that was caused by religious wars. One type of government was a constitutional monarchy in which rulers were confined to the laws of the state, giving the people some liberties, best exemplified by William and Mary during the Stuart monarchial rule. Constitutional monarchy was successful in mainly in EnglandRead MoreStudy Guide Essay750 Words   |  3 Pagescommon law and more. 3) By the end of the sixteenth century, which European countries had become Protestant and which had remained Catholic? -PROTESTANT: Germany, Scandinavia, Switzerland, England CATHOLIC: Italy, France, Spain, Portugal, Sicily 4) What are some the reasons suggested for the widespread persecution of suspected witches in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries? - Theories and fears of witches intensified in the 16 century. Religious conflicts of Reformation fed hysteria aboutRead MoreWestern Civilization1000 Words   |  4 Pagesto 1914 had many specific changes that contributed to the structure of the western world before World War I. In the absolutism state sovereignty is embodied in the person of the ruler. Kings were absolute kings and were resposible to no none except god. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries absolute rulers had to respect the fundamental laws of their land. They had to control competing jurisdictions, institutions or groups that were interested in their territory. They regulated religious sectsRead MoreThere have been many historical phases throughout time and each one of them has been important in1000 Words   |  4 Pagessociety lives today. During the seventeenth century, Europe struggled between absolutism, which consisted of one absolute monarch, and constitutionalism, which gave decision making to a gr oup of people. Also during the earlier 1600s, scientific method began to flourish, changing the way people thought forever. These three examples are only a few of the many events that have occurred throughout the centuries, but they have significantly altered the modern day way of life. During the reign of KingRead More Western Civilization Essays991 Words   |  4 Pagesto 1914 had many specific changes that contributed to the structure of the western world before World War I. In the absolutism state sovereignty is embodied in the person of the ruler. Kings were absolute kings and were resposible to no none except god. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries absolute rulers had to respect the fundamental laws of their land. They had to control competing jurisdictions, institutions or groups that were interested in their territory. They regulated religious sectsRead MoreJohn Locke’s Two Treatises of Government and Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s Social Contract1135 Words   |  5 PagesEnlightenment was an astonishing time of transformation in Europe. During this time in the eighteenth century there was a progressive movement that was labeled by its criticism of the normal religious, social, and political perceptions. A number of significant thinkers, with new philosophies, had inspired creativeness and change. These thinkers had many different thoughts and views on people and the way they act, and views on the government. Two well-known and most influential thinkers of this time wereRead MoreEssay on Ap Euro Review Packet1669 Words   |  7 Pageshaving William and Mary sign the Bill of Rights. This made England a Constitutional Monarchy. A constitutional monarchy acknowledges the monarch as the official head of state but the real power is in the hands of the parliament. F. 1. Stuarts The House of Stuart is a European royal house. It was founded by Robert II of Scotland, and the Stewarts first became monarchs of the Kingdom of Scotland during the late 14th century, and subsequently held the position of the Kings of Great Britain andRead MoreThomas Hobbes, John Locke and Samuel Rutherford1678 Words   |  7 Pages1642 England was starting to seek for changes in the way their government was set up. John Locke and Samuel Rutherford were the leaders of this change, calling for the removal of an absolute monarch. Their works would be opposed by the ideas of Thomas Hobbes, during this eighteen-year civil war in England. The ideas represented in this period would heavily influence the way England’s government would be set up in the eighteenth century. In 1644 Bishop Ross, also known as John Maxwell, published Sacro-SanctaRead More The Glorious Revolution of 1688 Essay1498 Words   |  6 Pageshistory of the world and especially in the events that occurred in England during the seventeenth century. Autonomy is defined as self-government and existing or functioning independently. Responsibility is having obligations or duties to something and being able to distinguish between right and wrong. In England, the political leaders drove King James II out of the country in order to end his oppressive rule as an absolute monarch. The Dutch Prince William of Orange, James’ son-in-law, invaded

Why Nobody Is Discussing How to Write an Essay Samples

Why Nobody Is Discussing How to Write an Essay Samples The Secret to How to Write an Essay Samples Below you'll find the most relevant strategies for writing an amazing reesarch paper introduction. While an abstract also summarizes a report, book, Web site or other sort of publication, it's purely descriptive. You may discover narrative essay examples wherever you locate an excellent story. Broadly speaking, basic essay structure is completely vital to comprehend and implement into your writing. Writing an essay is an essential role in academe life. A descriptive essay will require a creative mind since it tests one's capacity to express what they are able to see in writing. Writing a profile essay provides you with the freedom to handpick the topic of your preference. Like the rest of the essays, a descriptive essay will need you to produce a particular format to guarantee superior content. The citation or bibliography is an essential part of an essay structure that com es after the conclusion and states all of the material which you have referenced. Prior to beginning, you will need to understand what exactly an annotated bibliography is and the way to begin. To begin Now you're prepared to commence writing your very own annotated bibliography. The New Angle On How to Write an Essay Samples Just Released Readers should know the writer's focus and thus the value of a thesis statement. The significance of reading through your essay is it permits you to spot the mistakes and keep up a very good tone throughout your work. The above is of terrific significance, especially to students who think that critical essays should concentrate on the negative facets of a subject. An essay for poetry analysis demands deep examination of all of the styles and elements used during the introduction of a poem. The Most Popular How to Write an Essay Samples The very first step to any essay writing is to choose a subject of interest. The very first step in wri ting an outline is to get the title of the essay at the peak of a page. The simplest way to set the kind of an essay is to realize the writer's point of view. The trick to writing an excellent profile essay is to select a personal profile essay example of an entertaining subject. Go through the instructions given in college to make certain your profile essay meets the perfect standards. Long-term use of such drugs can cut back the mental capabilities of someone. A comparison essay is devoted to description of similar and distinct features of a few objects. Writing an in depth essay about an individual or entity is quite easy since you have all of the vital resources and data available. Things You Should Know About How to Write an Essay Samples Much like in any essay, in the conclusion of your writing you need to make an overview of all of the points mentioned in the essay. Reviewing some narrative essay examples will be able to help you to organize your information and hel p you decide how to compose each paragraph to acquire the best outcomes. Lastly, the essay needs to have a conclusion. For you to produce a superb descriptive essay, you should learn how to encrypt a great thesis statement. How to Write an Essay Samples Explained Before anything, you should make yourself conversant with what the essay is all about. It's possible to download manual How to compose an essay here. The essay is broken up into three key components. Now you are aware of how to compose a great ACT essay. There are lots of ways to compose an essay. You may also depart from your essay for a while and come back later to see whether it's still logical. A great essay is one which leaves a long-lasting impression. There's no ideal solution on how best to compose an effective essay. What Does How to Write an Essay Samples Mean? Your paragraphs do not connect one another's meaning together with the whole thought of your essay might be incomprehensible. The essay ought to be easy-to-read all the way through and if it's, that's a very great sign! The point of poor writing is to keep you from needing to consider anything new. In addition, you don't need to write in complete sentences, or phrase things as elegantly as you will in the authentic essay, and thus don't be concerned about that. The Pain of How to Write an Essay Samples It will be helpful to learn to paraphrase. Essay writing can be rather a challenge. It comes in several different forms. The Argument About How to Write a n Essay Samples In any case, poem analysis will help to separate a poem into parts hence straightforward the whole. 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Indian Economy Essay Example For Students

Indian Economy Essay India is located in the southern part of Asia and is also south of the HimalayanMountains. This southern peninsula has the largest mineral deposits and thelargest cultivable land in the continent. The population of India is criticallylarge and although nearly all people are Hindu, some are of other religiousdenominations. The life of the Indian people is usually ruled by their castesystem, but the system is not as firm as it was years ago. India has a mixedeconomy. The different elements of India, such as location, resources, andreligious beliefs, mold the outcome of their economy. In the area that India isgeographically located, the climate varies from tropical to extreme frigidtemperatures. In the area closest to the mountains extreme temperature should beexpected. The northern plains have heavy snowfalls. The northeastern part ofIndia has a cool monsoon season from early December throughout February. Amonsoon is a wind system that produces wet or dry seasons. If there are severedr oughts, famines can result from it. On the other hand, too much rain can causemalaria. Also, the contradictory temperature of the northern days and nightsfortify pulmonary disorders. The annual amount of precipitation along thesouthern slopes of the Himalayas is 60 inches. There is also a hot/dry seasonthat begins in the middle of March until the beginning of July. During this timethe Himalayan area has had temperatures of about 120 F. Calcutta, which is acity east the Himalayan mountains, has an average daily temperature of 55 F to80 F during the month of January and 79 F to 89 F in July. The other areas ofIndia, the southern and western parts usually have a tropical climate. They alsohave monsoons, but are referred to as the dry or wet seasons. These monsoonscontrol the temperature, rainfall and humidity. The wet or rainy season is fromJune through September. Winds blow from the Indian Ocean and the Arabian Sea. The rain can be overwhelming and is typically 125 inches during this season. TheCherrapunji in the Khasi Hills has a yearly rainfall of about 425 inches. InBombay, which is located in the west central part of India, have temperatures of67? F to 83? F in January and 77? F to 85? F in July. With the differenttemperatures, natural resources can flourish or degenerate. India has many largecultivable regions, and numerable timber access. Indias agriculture worth isone-third of the annual gross domestic product (GDP). The farms are usuallyhumble and owned by families. The crops that are mostly cultivated for domesticproposes are rice, wheat, cotton, tea and jute, which is a plant that gives afiber which can be made into sacking and cordage. India is responsible for alarge amount of exports to the world. Sugar production a year during the early1990s was 230 million metric tons. The annual production of tea was 743,000tons. Rice was 72.6 million tons and wheat was 56.8 millions tons. Cotton was at2.0 million and jute was at 1.4 million tons. Other agricultural products thatare sold as exports are cashews, coffee, spices, barley, chickpeas, bananas,rubber, melons, vegetables, corn, sorghum, linseed, millet and mangoes. Thetimber in India is not varied, but is resourceful. In the Himalayan region, thecedar, pine, oak and magnolia trees are abundant. In the slopes if the WesternGhats, were there is heavy rainfall which give a home to evergreens, bamboo,teak, and other timber trees. In the southeastern part, the mangrove and the salare very common. These two trees are hardwood timber. Other resources includefishing, mining, and manufacturing. The fish, forestry mining and manufacturing,that are of economic significance contribute to the Gross Domestic Products. .uc4965b93ecec6ef29b36cedbfe19b2d4 , .uc4965b93ecec6ef29b36cedbfe19b2d4 .postImageUrl , .uc4965b93ecec6ef29b36cedbfe19b2d4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc4965b93ecec6ef29b36cedbfe19b2d4 , .uc4965b93ecec6ef29b36cedbfe19b2d4:hover , .uc4965b93ecec6ef29b36cedbfe19b2d4:visited , .uc4965b93ecec6ef29b36cedbfe19b2d4:active { border:0!important; } .uc4965b93ecec6ef29b36cedbfe19b2d4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc4965b93ecec6ef29b36cedbfe19b2d4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc4965b93ecec6ef29b36cedbfe19b2d4:active , .uc4965b93ecec6ef29b36cedbfe19b2d4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc4965b93ecec6ef29b36cedbfe19b2d4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc4965b93ecec6ef29b36cedbfe19b2d4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc4965b93ecec6ef29b36cedbfe19b2d4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc4965b93ecec6ef29b36cedbfe19b2d4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc4965b93ecec6ef29b36cedbfe19b2d4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc4965b93ecec6ef29b36cedbfe19b2d4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc4965b93ecec6ef29b36cedbfe19b2d4 .uc4965b93ecec6ef29b36cedbfe19b2d4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc4965b93ecec6ef29b36cedbfe19b2d4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Minimum Wage EssayShrimps and prawns, India oil sardines, ducks, croakers, Bombay, Indianmackerel, anchovies and marine catfish are the sea life that Indian peopleconsume. Even though the fishing industry is underdeveloped when compared toother fishing industries, it is a vital tool for the people. In the Ganges deltain Bengal it most important. The government has encouraged deep-sea fishing byconstructing processing plants and paying for fleets and vessels going to theocean. 59% of the countrys 4.2 million annual catch in the early 1990s wasmade of the marine species. 23% of the total land area in India of made up offorestlands. The regions bordering, the Himalayas are th e largest source forcommercial forestry. The annual timber harvest was 9.9 billion cubic feet in theearly 1990s. The mining industry thrives on Iron ore, coal, mica, dolomite,copper, bauxite, petroleum, natural gas, zinc, lead, chromium, limestone,phosphate rock, silver, and gold. India is among the world leaders who produceiron ore, coal, and bauxite. The other elements mentioned above are alsoproduced significantly. The annual production during the early 1990s for ironore was 53.7 million metric tons, for coal it was 247.3 million, for bauxite itwas 5 million, for manganese 1.8 million, and zinc 181,00. Three-fifths of theannual production of petroleum (201.9 millions barrels) is for Indiasconsumption. The products that India manufacture are textiles, iron and steel,machinery, processed agricultural products, fertilizer, transportationequipment, nonferrous metals, refined petroleum, chemicals, and computersoftware. Unfortunately employment in these areas has declined. About 67% in Agriculture, Forestry and fishing and 20% of employment has gone down inservices, such as transportation and communication. Transportation is composedmostly of railroad lines. Its broad network if railroad lines is the largest inAsia and fourth in the world. The total length of an operating railroad track isabout 38,811 miles long. There are about 1.3 million miles of routes. All of therailroad systems are publicly controlled. There is 21,164 miles of nationalhighway. India also has a comprehensive network of airlines, which connect tocities and towns all around India. Connections to the world are controlled byairlines such as: Air India, Indian Airlines and other air-transport airlines. The major ports are in the city of Calcutta, Bombay, Madras and Vishakhapatnam. Communications in India include mediums of the telephone, radio and periodicals. Their telephone system serves about 5.8 millions telephones. The radio system isowned by the government and is called All India Radio broadcast. It servesabout 68.5 millions radio sets. The programs are held in 24 principal languagesand many other dialects. There are 27.8 million television receivers. There aretwo English daily newspapers, the Times of India and the IndiaExpress. In total there are 27.5 million, 3800 of them are daily. The life ofthe people of India is very interesting. India is second in the world with thelargest population. It is estimated that 931,044,000 people live in India. Thepopulation density is 294 people per 762 square mile. 73% of these people livein rural areas. 83% of the people are Hindu, 11% are Muslim, 2% are Christian,another 2 % are Sikhs, 0.7% are Buddhists and 0.5% are Jain. The Hindu peoplesee themselves as the ones who follow the Vedas, or the way of the four classesand stages of life. Behavior is more important than individual beliefs. MostHin dus have a reverence for the Brahmans and cows, do not eat meat, and aremarried with in their own caste or jati. The Hindu religion has many gods and isone where each individual is free to worship many different gods and havedifferent ritual for them. The social system may sometimes interfere witheconomic growth. The caste system is a religious and social belief that eachperson is born into a position, which they may not advance or decline from. If aperson is born into an untouchable for example, (the most undesirablesocial position) they would try fulfilling their life now and not strive to beany better, in hope that in an other life, they will be rewarded with a betterposition. There is a massive amount of livestock in India that is not used forconsumption. The belief is that a person may return as any living creature andto kill or consume these animals is to kill oneself in another life, reducingthe ability to be promoted. Most livestock is used for labor in rice and otheragricul tural fields. All the different elements together such as resources,services, and social beliefs bring the economy to a close. India has a mixedeconomy. Most of the control is through private owner-ships. India is dependenton foreign goods such as, manufactured goods, raw materials, and foodstuffs. Inthe early 1990s the United States was Indias leading trading partner. TheUS received 16% of their imports from India also has good trading relations withJapan, Germany, Great Britain, United Arab Emirates, Belgium, Hong Kong, andItaly. The currency in India is called the Rupee. It is divided into 100 paisa. .u094c866e41541054c00967a408fbed53 , .u094c866e41541054c00967a408fbed53 .postImageUrl , .u094c866e41541054c00967a408fbed53 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u094c866e41541054c00967a408fbed53 , .u094c866e41541054c00967a408fbed53:hover , .u094c866e41541054c00967a408fbed53:visited , .u094c866e41541054c00967a408fbed53:active { border:0!important; } .u094c866e41541054c00967a408fbed53 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u094c866e41541054c00967a408fbed53 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u094c866e41541054c00967a408fbed53:active , .u094c866e41541054c00967a408fbed53:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u094c866e41541054c00967a408fbed53 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u094c866e41541054c00967a408fbed53 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u094c866e41541054c00967a408fbed53 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u094c866e41541054c00967a408fbed53 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u094c866e41541054c00967a408fbed53:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u094c866e41541054c00967a408fbed53 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u094c866e41541054c00967a408fbed53 .u094c866e41541054c00967a408fbed53-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u094c866e41541054c00967a408fbed53:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Intervention Course Outline EssayIn 1995 31.35 rupee was equal to one US dollar. India is a country, which has adiverse environment, large agriculture, and conflicting social issues.

Marketing Travel and Tourism products and services Essay Example

Marketing Travel and Tourism products and services Paper In this assignment I am going to write about factors that affecting the marketing by giving examples in travel and tourism organisations. Definition of marketing The definition of marketing is that the progression of planning and executing the beginning, pricing, promotion, and giving out of ideas of products, organisations, and events to create and maintain relationships that will satisfy individual and organizational objectives. These are the factors that affecting the travel and tourism industry:   Company ethos   Consumer protection   Standards of practice   Political   Economic   Social   Technological Company Ethos Company Ethos is one of the main factors that could affect the marketing of travel and tourism organisations including British Airways. All market actions in British Airways are being done by good enough for ethical and moral standards. It is important that the organisations should now respect the customers religion and background and they should not prejudice against them. An example for ethical and moral standards in British Airways is that they stopped their staff from wearing visible religion symbols. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Travel and Tourism products and services specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Travel and Tourism products and services specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Travel and Tourism products and services specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Company Ethos can also include environment as well. There are some companies that obtain the main beliefs of green tourism and they promote holidays that does not harm the local people in the destinations. It is important that companies show social responsibilities and ethical in all marketing actions. For example British Airways state that they will strive to improve its environmental and social performance and to contribute to a better quality life for everyone, now and for generations to come. They also state they will achieve this by setting clearly define objectives and targets addressing their environmental and social issues. There are legislations that will affect the marketing the travel and tourism industry which will stop the organisations doing what they want for example: airlines can not put their own prices they need to follow particular rules and legislations. As the company ethos is one of the biggest factors that affect the travel and tourism industry many organisation are trying their best in order to meet these factors. Virgin Atlantic is another airline industry that is aware of these factors. Virgin Atlantic has to follow what the government puts as taxation for the prices. It is also important that these two organisations should not mislead their passengers because this will give a bad company image to the both organisations. All these factors will affect the marketing of Virgin Atlantic and British Airways by providing customers the products within following their rights and proving them with a good customer service. Consumer protection It is always important that all travel and tourism organisation are following the rules and regulation when carrying out their marketing work. One of the regulations is The Customer Protection Act 1987. The Consumer Protection Act 1989 is an Act that forces the companies legal responsibilities for their customers. The aim of the Act is to offer procedures that a person who buy the damaged product can contact the person who is responsible of the product. The Consumer Protection Act also makes requirements regarding misleading price indications. An example Going Places had to pay over à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½6000 for misleading prices. This was because Going Places displayed at three of their branches in Leicestershire, holiday deals that were not available at the prices that they displayed. The Trades Description Act 1968: This act is to protest customers against false description either verbally or in writing that the organisations gives to the customers. All the organisation in travel and tourism sector should always gives the right description. For example Thomas Cook is one of the biggest tour operator in UK they always give the right description to their customers and make their marketing work better. The Data Protection Act (DPA) 1998: This is one of the most important legislation. The aim of this legislation is to protect the customers private informations that are being used by organisations. The Act also gives right to organisations to access information held about customers. For example: A tour operator like First Choice use database and keep all the information about their customers on the database. First choice stores all the information about their customers in secure databases at secure addresses to prevent unauthorised access. These consumer protection rules and regulations affect the marketing of the travel and tourism organisation because the protecting customers give a good company image and makes customers feel guaranteed. Customers feel comfortable and sure that their information will not be passed to other organisations and they have their rights. Following these rules and legislations will bring repeat business to the companies as well. Standards of practice It is not just rules and regulations that travel and tourism industry should follow there are also promotes voluntary code of practise, for example ABTA Code of Conduct that they need to follow. All members of the organisation need to follow the ABTAs Code of Conduct when running their business and also state what must be done when something goes wrong. One of the ABTA Code of Conduct is that ABTA members must not mislead their advertising and must include all fixed compulsory charges in their prices another code is when customer book with ABTA members they must give customers accurate information to help you choose the travel arrangements that are right for you. ABTA works with lot of company such as The Holiday Place, My travel, Charter Travel and many more all these companies need to follow the ABTAs Code of Conduct. The Advertising Authority Standards is setting guidelines for organisations before they promote their products. Their main aim is to make sure that all the advertisements are meeting the standards laid down in the advertising code. The code of Advertising Authority Standards is including prices of products, misleading, immaturity and Credulity. British Airways is one of the biggest airline company in UK and when they promote their products they need to follow the general rules of The Advertising Authority Standards. One of the rules that BA needs to follow is that their advertisements must not take advantage of immaturity or natural credulity of children. Standards of practice affect these organisations because customers are know that they are protected and if anything goes wrong they can get their money back when they buy the products of these organisations. This will bring repeat business to the organisations and the company will have a good public image. PEST factors Travel and Tourism industry is growing and in few years time it could end up as the biggest industry in the world. The companies within this sector needs to be aware of the external constrains when they run their business factors that comes outside of their direct control for example PEST which stands for Political, Economic, Social and Technological factors. Political Political factor is important in travel and tourism industry and it has a huge influence on the regulations of the travel and tourism organisations. Political factors cover regional development, legislation, law and regulations lastly deregulation of the industry. For example: deregulated companies like BA need systems that enable decisions to be made quickly open skies is an agreement which changes the regulatory landscapes a lot. Political factor are also including the tax policy, employment laws, environmental regulations, trade restriction and tariffs. As travel and tourism is one of the biggest industries in the world it has many political factors. Airlines are not allowed to allow passengers that do not hold a valid visa in to UK. Another political factor that effects the tour operators are that the package mush be sold or offered for sale and the package has to include minimum of two elements which are transportation, accommodation and another major tourist service accounting for a significant part of the package. Social Social factors are demographical trends, education, environmental awareness, life style changes etc. For example these days people live longer, people have different life styles and people are richer and have money to spend on holidays as people who is going to abroad for holidays has increased in UK. Also families travel to other destinations and stay. All these social factors are affecting the travel and tourism industry in many ways. Lot of travel agents such as Thomsons Holidays try to find new destinations to meet their customer social lifestyle. Thomson have lot of different types of holidays that is suitable for different types of people such as cruising holidays for senior citizens , ski holidays, gold holiday for couples etc. The social developments makes the travel and tourism companies to make their marketing bigger and have products that will meet their customers needs. Many tour operators including Thomas Cook try their best to have holidays that will meet their customer s needs for example they offer travel insurance, car hire and airport parking. Economical Economical factor is one of the most important factors in marketing and its also important for travel and tourism industry as well. Economic factors can include airline security taxes, interest rates, levels of unemployment, cost oil etc. All these economic factors affect the travel and tourism industry for example companies offer different budget holidays that suites every budget. My travel offers holidays starting from à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½121 to à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½579. Economical factors are very important and there are many factors that have a big influence in travel and tourism industry. Technological The changes on the technology have made a big influence in the developing Travel and Tourism industry for example faster and larger aircraft and better fuel efficiency. Tour operators have their own computer reservation system that makes booking easier. It is possible to book holidays or tickets through internet rather then visiting a travel agent or tour operator. Some of the airlines offer e-tickets which is when you book online without visiting an agent for example: you can only book your flights online for Ryanair. It is also possible to check in and passport checking online as well so it becoming more easy to travel by air easier and quicker. Technological factors bring competition within the companies as well. Many airlines such as British Airlines and Virgin Atlantic try to offer the best service in order to satisfy their customers. They use the best technological products and have the best for their passengers. British Airways now have internet access do their passengers can use internet which allow passengers to do their stuff online. Technology is not just use to improve their products and services all travel and tourism industry are using technology to promote their products. For example Virgin Atlantic promotes their products in their websites. All these PEST factors will have a very big affect on the travel and tourism organisations because by following these factors they will meet their customers needs which will bring the companies repeat business, good company image, better service etc. As the technology develops organisation having more products which will affect their marketing, economy is one of the biggest factors that affects the organisations this affect the marketing by providing the right price that suites different people. Social factors are affecting the travel and tourism organisations by making them to find different products that suites different socialised people.